Solar panel | Solar panel act as instruments that transform sunlight to electricity using photovoltaic cells. They are an eco-friendly and sustainable energy source, decreasing reliance on non-renewable energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar heat collector is a device that collects sunlight to produce heat, typically used for hot water production or room heating applications. It efficiently converts solar energy into thermal energy, cutting down on reliance on standard energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Solar heat harnesses sunlight to generate heat, which can be used for water heating systems, space heating, or power generation. It is a renewable and eco-friendly technology that reduces fossil fuel consumption and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a beautiful seaside town in the county of West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a delightful blend of golden sands, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | England is a historic country in the United Kingdom known for its wealthy cultural legacy, notable attractions, and vibrant cities like London. It boasts a diverse landscape of rolling hills, old castles, and bustling urban centers that mix heritage with modern innovation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Sunlight is the environmental illumination emitted by the sun, essential for life on Earth as it offers energy for photosynthesis and affects climate and weather patterns. It also adds to our well-being by synchronizing our circadian rhythms and enhancing vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electrical power is a form of energy resulting from the flow of charged particles, primarily negatively charged particles. It drives numerous appliances and networks, supporting contemporary living and technological progress. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels composed of semi-conductor materials. It is a sustainable power source that reduces reliance on non-renewable fuels and helps mitigate ecological footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are fundamental particles with a reversed electric charge that orbit the nucleus of an atom, important for in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions affect the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | Direct current is the unidirectional flow of electric charge, generally produced by cell packs, power sources, and solar panels. It provides a constant voltage or current, causing it crucial for electronic devices and low-voltage applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A battery is a unit that holds chemical energy and changes it into electrical energy to operate various electronic gadgets. It consists of several galvanic cells, each housing electrode pairs separated by an ionic solution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | An solar power system converts solar radiation directly into power using photovoltaic panels made of solar cells. It is an green power solution that minimizes reliance on non-renewable energy sources and promotes renewable energy production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar inverter is a unit that converts direct current (DC) produced by solar panels into alternating current (AC) fit for domestic use and grid integration. It is vital for optimizing energy use and ensuring reliable, consistent power output from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | AC is an electric current that reverses direction regularly, generally used in domestic and business power supplies. It enables efficient transmission of electricity over long distances and is defined by its voltage and current waveforms, commonly sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A charge controller is a device that controls the voltage and electric current coming from a solar panel to prevent batteries from overcharging and damage. It guarantees efficient energy transfer and prolongs the lifespan of the battery array. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A measuring instrument is a device used to determine the dimension, volume, or level of something accurately. It includes gadgets like scales, thermometers, and barometers that provide accurate readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | A solar tracker is a device that instantaneously its orientation of solar panels to track the sun's movement throughout the day, increasing energy absorption. This system improves the efficiency of solar power systems by maintaining best sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Solar power plants are large-scale facilities that capture sunlight to create electricity using a multitude of solar panels. They supply a renewable and renewable energy source, decreasing reliance on carbon-based fuels and lowering pollution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Solar power from rooftops involves setting up photovoltaic panels on building rooftops to generate electricity from sunlight. This sustainable energy source helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | An grid-tied photovoltaic system transforms sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a eco-friendly energy solution. It enhances energy efficiency and cuts down reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to gain potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as CO2, methane, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from anthropogenic sources like burning fossil fuels and tree clearing. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar satellite is an spacecraft equipped with solar panels that gather solar radiation and transform into electrical energy. This electricity is then beamed to the planet's surface for application as an eco-friendly power supply. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home energy storage systems save excess electricity generated from renewable energy or the power grid for subsequent consumption, boosting energy independence and efficiency. These installations commonly employ batteries to provide backup energy, lower energy costs, and assist grid robustness. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The timeline of solar cells documents the development and improvements in solar energy technology from the beginning discovery of the photovoltaic effect to contemporary advanced solar arrays. It showcases significant breakthroughs, including the creation of the original silicon photovoltaic cell in 1954 and persistent advances that have greatly enhanced energy conversion and cost efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Becquerel was a French-born physicist noted for his pioneering work in the study of the photovoltaic effect and luminescent phenomena. His research laid the groundwork for comprehending how radiation interacts with certain substances to create electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Smith was a British electrician and scientist known for finding out the photoconductivity of selenium in 1873. His research formed the basis for the creation of the photo-sensitive device and advancements in initial photography and electronic technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | The Selenium framework is an free framework used for automating web browsers, enabling testers to simulate user interactions and verify web application functionalities. It supports multiple programming languages and web browsers, making it a flexible tool for test automation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a British scientist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of luminescence and optical science, particularly the discovery of the polarization of luminescence reflected from transparent materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic waves and the development of optical science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was indeed an American creator who created the initial working selenium solar cell in 1883. His pioneering work set the basis for the modern photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | An coal-powered power plant generates electricity by burning coal to produce steam that rotates turbines connected to generators. This process releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an American scientist credited with finding the solar cell and improving the understanding of semiconductor materials. His work paved the way for modern photovoltaic technology and the manufacture of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a prestigious research and development entity traditionally associated with AT&T, known for leading innovations in communications, computer science, and materials research. It has been the origin of countless groundbreaking inventions, including the semiconductor device and the laser. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a element with the symbol Si and 14, widely known for its crucial role in the manufacturing of electronic devices and solar cells. It is a tough, brittle crystalline material with a steel-gray metallic luster, predominantly employed as a semi-conductor in the electronic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A small inverter is a small device installed on each solar module to transform direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) on-site. This method enhances system effectiveness, allows for improved system tracking, and boosts power output in solar energy setups. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A photovoltaic cell is a device that converts sunlight immediately into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. It is often used in solar panels to provide a sustainable and eco-friendly energy source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | A PV (photovoltaic) system converts over sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a sustainable energy technology that offers sustainable power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | An photon acts as a basic particle which represents a packet of light plus other electromagnetic radiation, carrying with it energy and momentum and energy without possessing rest mass. It has a important role in the interactions between matter and electromagnetic fields, enabling phenomena including reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The PV effect is the process by which specific substances transform sunlight straight into electricity through the production of electron-hole pairs. This event is the basic concept behind photovoltaic technology, enabling the utilization of solar solar power for electricity production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | An wafer in electrical engineering is a fine slice of chip material, usually silicon, used as the base for fabricating integrated circuits. It functions as the main platform where microprocessors are built through methods like doping, etching, and layering. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a super pure form of silicon used mainly in the manufacturing of solar cells and electronic components due to its excellent semiconductor properties. Its regular, orderly crystal lattice enables efficient electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Thin-film photovoltaic devices are a type of solar energy technology characterized by their lightweight, flexible design, and ability to be fabricated over extensive surfaces at a more affordable price. They use layers of semiconductor materials only a few micrometers thick to transform sunlight into usable electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the static forces exerted by the weight of construction parts and stationary equipment, while live loads are movable forces such as people, furnishings, and external influences. Both are critical considerations in engineering design to guarantee safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits link components sequentially, so the same current passes through all devices, while parallel circuits join components across the same voltage source, permitting multiple paths for current. These arrangements influence the circuit's overall resistance, current allocation, and voltage drops. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electrification is the speed at which electricity is conveyed by an electrical circuit, primarily for running devices and appliances. Produced through multiple sources such as carbon-based fuels, atomic energy, and green energy, and crucial for modern life. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A unit of power is a unit of energy conversion in the SI system, showing the speed of energy transfer or conversion. It is the same as one unit of energy per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electric potential difference between two points, which drives the movement of electric current in a circuit. It is measured in V and indicates the power per single charge ready to move electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A electromotive force is the derived unit of voltage, electric potential difference, and EMF in the metric system. It measures the electric energy per unit charge between points in an electrical network. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electric flow is the flow of electrical charge through a conductor, typically measured in A. It is crucial for supplying electronic equipment and enabling the functioning of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Ampere serves as the unit of electrical current in the International System of Units, represented by A. It measures the movement of electric charge through a wire over a period of time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load refers to the amount of electrical power or current demanded by appliances and electrical load in a circuit. It determines the configuration and size of power systems to ensure reliable and efficient energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction box is an electrical housing used to protect wire connections, providing a core for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures structured and secure connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 connector is a uniform photovoltaic connector used to link solar panels in a reliable and trustworthy manner. It features a snap-in design with waterproof sealing, providing durability and effective electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power delivers a simple and standardized method of supplying electrical energy to devices through standard ports. It is commonly used for powering and feeding a wide range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A power converter is a instrument that changes DC from sources like cells or photovoltaic arrays into AC suitable for home devices. It permits the operation of common electrical appliances in settings where only DC power is available. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | A battery pack is an collection of several individual batteries designed to store and supply electrical energy for multiple devices. It provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Solar tracking systems automatically align the angle of solar panels to track the sun movement throughout the 24 hours, maximizing power intake. This technology boosts the efficiency of solar power gathering by keeping best solar array alignment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique used to maximize the power generation of photovoltaic systems by continuously adjusting the operating point to match the optimal power point of the solar cells. This process ensures the most efficient energy harvesting, especially under changing weather. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | A power optimizer is a device used in solar energy systems to optimize energy output by separately improving the performance of each solar panel. It increases overall system efficiency by minimizing energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A photovoltaic performance monitor is a instrument that tracks and analyzes the performance of solar power systems in real-time, providing valuable data on power output and system condition. It assists enhance solar power generation by spotting faults early and ensuring maximum performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Flexible solar cells are lightweight, multi-purpose photovoltaic devices made by depositing fine layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a affordable and multi-functional alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in various portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight directly into electricity through the photoelectric effect, making them a renewable energy source. They are typically used in photovoltaic modules to supply energy to homes, appliances, and entire solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a material composed of many minute silicon lattice structures, typically used in solar modules and semiconductor manufacturing. Its production involves melting and reforming silicon to create a ultra-pure, polycrystalline structure fit for microelectronic devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Monocrystalline silicon is a premium form of silicon with a single lattice arrangement, making it very effective for use in solar panels and electronic devices. Its uniform framework allows for improved electron transfer, resulting in superior efficiency compared to different silicon varieties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | Cadmium telluride photovoltaics represent a type of thin-film solar system that presents a cost-effective and effective option for large-scale solar energy harvesting. They are recognized for their high absorption efficiency and comparatively affordable manufacturing fees versus traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic devices are thin-film solar devices that utilize a composite material of Cu, In, Ga, and selenium to turn sunlight into energy effectively. They are recognized for their high absorption performance, bendability, and potential for compact, economical solar power solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Non-crystalline silicon is a amorphous atomic configuration, making it easier to handle and simpler to apply than ordered silicon. It is commonly used in solar panels and electronic devices due to its cost-effectiveness and versatile features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Third-generation photovoltaic panels aim to exceed traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing cutting-edge materials and new techniques such as stacked stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on maximizing energy conversion, cutting costs, and expanding applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-layered solar panels are innovative photovoltaic modules that utilize multiple p-n connections arranged in tandem to absorb a wider spectrum of the solar spectrum, substantially enhancing their efficiency. They are mostly applied in space applications and high-efficiency solar power installations due to their excellent energy transformation capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Solar panels on spacecraft are essential devices that transform solar radiation into electricity to power onboard instrumentation. Generally lightweight, robust, and crafted to function effectively in the extreme space conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are substances composed of multiple elements, typically involving a metal component and a non-metal, used in high-frequency electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer enhanced performance in applications such as lasers, LEDs, and high-speed transistors compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | Gallium arsenide is a compound-based semiconductor famous for its high electron mobility and performance in RF and optoelectronic applications. It is often used in components such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | CPV use focusing elements or reflectors to focus sunlight onto highly efficient multi-junction solar cells, substantially improving energy transformation efficiency. This approach is perfect for massive solar power plants in zones with direct sunlight, delivering a affordable option for large-scale energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Flexible silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its compact and pliant form factor. It offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in solar building materials and portable power sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic cell utilize a ultra-thin layer of copper indium gallium selenide as the light-absorbing layer, known for excellent energy conversion and bendability. They offer a easy-to-handle, budget-friendly alternative to conventional silicon PV modules with excellent performance in different weather scenarios. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film is a term for a slender layer of material, often measured in nanometers or μm, used in diverse technological applications. These layers are important in electronics, optics, and films for their special physical and chemical properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Building-mounted solar PV systems harness solar energy to generate electricity directly on building rooftops, providing a sustainable and affordable energy solution. They help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, lower electricity bills, and contribute to environmental conservation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A coating is a layer of compound spanning a few nanometers to multiple micrometers in dimension, often placed on surfaces for functional applications. These coatings are used in diverse fields, including electronics, optical technologies, and healthcare, to alter surface properties or develop particular device features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nanometers are units of measurement equal to one-billionth of a meter, often utilized to illustrate minuscule distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are important in disciplines including nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for measuring structures and particles at the nano level. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Calipers are precision gauges used to exactly measure small distances or widths, typically in machining and fabrication. They feature a calibrated screw system that allows for exact readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon wafer is a slender, round segment of silicon crystal used as the base for manufacturing semiconductor devices. It functions as the basic material in the production of ICs and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | CIGS photovoltaic cells are thin-film solar modules known for their high efficiency and adaptability, making them suitable for diverse applications. They use a layered layered semiconductor setup that converts sunlight directly into electrical energy with outstanding efficiency in low-light conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Multi-crystalline silicon is a kind of silicon used in photovoltaic panels, characterized by its several crystal grains that give it a grainy appearance. It is recognized for being affordable and having a relatively high efficiency in converting sunlight into electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Solar PV systems convert sunlight directly into power using PV cells, offering a green energy source for residential, industrial, and grid applications. They provide a environmentally friendly, long-lasting, and economical way to reduce reliance on non-renewable energy sources and lower carbon footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cell are a type of photovoltaic technology that uses perovskite-structured compound as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cells have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A photo-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a light-to-electricity device that transforms sunlight into electricity using a light-reactive dye to absorb light and create electron flow. It offers a cost-effective and flexible alternative to standard silicon-based solar cells, with opportunity for clear and portable applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot photovoltaic cells utilize nanos semiconductor particles to enhance light absorption and energy conversion through quantum size effects. This approach offers the possibility for cost-effective, flexible, and highly efficient solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic photovoltaic devices are solar cells that use carbon-based compounds, to turn sunlight into electric power. They are easy to handle, flexible, and offer the potential for cost-effective, broad solar energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS (Copper is a potential electronic substance used in thin-film solar panels due to its abundant and non-toxic elements. Its superior optoelectronic properties make it an appealing alternative for green photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics integrated solar building solutions seamlessly incorporate solar energy technology into the design of building materials, such as roof surfaces, outer walls, and glazing. This cutting-edge approach enhances energy efficiency while maintaining design elegance and building integrity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency permits light to pass through a material with minimal distortion, allowing objects behind to be seen clearly. Translucency permits light to scatter through, obscuring detailed visibility but yet still permitting shapes and light to transmit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window tinting involves the process of applying a light film to the inside or outside of automobiles or edifices glazing to cut down on glare, heat, and UV rays. It boosts privacy, enhances energy efficiency, and adds a stylish aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A collection of photovoltaic power stations overview various large-scale solar energy plants around the globe, demonstrating their capacities and sites. These plants serve a crucial role in sustainable energy generation and worldwide efforts to reduce carbon pollution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Solar power facilities are large-scale facilities that turn sunlight straight into electricity using solar modules. They play a vital role in sustainable power creation, cutting dependence on coal and oil, and reducing carbon footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Eco concerns encompass a wide range of issues such as contamination, climate change, and tree clearing that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires joint initiatives to promote sustainable practices and protect natural ecosystems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Sustainable power comes from natural sources that are renewably sourced, such as the sun, wind, and hydroelectric power. It offers a renewable solution to traditional fuels, decreasing environmental harm and promoting lasting energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Fossil fuels, such as coal, crude oil, and fossil gas, are non-replenishable supplies formed over millions of years and are consumed when used. They are the chief power sources for power production and transportation but pose ecological and environmental and long-term viability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Power production involves converting various energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas, atomic energy, and renewable resources into electrical energy. This process typically occurs in power plants where rotating machinery and generators work together to produce electricity for power distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are thick, toxic elements such as Pb, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Photovoltaic performance measures how well a solar cell generates sunlight into usable electrical electricity. Enhancing this efficiency is essential for optimizing renewable energy production and decreasing reliance on coal and oil. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric effect occurs when radiation shining on a metal ejects electronic particles from that surface, demonstrating the particle nature of light. This phenomenon provided key evidence for the development of quantum theory by showing that light energy is quantized. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Accelerated life testing involves placing products to higher-than-normal stresses to speedily determine their durability and forecast their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps detect potential failures and improve product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The expansion of photovoltaics has accelerated rapidly over the past ten-year period, driven by technological advancements and reducing prices. This growth is revolutionizing the international energy scene by boosting the percentage of renewable solar power in electricity generation processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar pertains to large solar power installations intended to generate electricity on a business scale, providing power directly to the grid. These projects typically cover vast areas and utilize solar panels or thermal solar systems to produce renewable energy efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optical element is a see-through component that bending light to focus or diverge rays, forming images. It is frequently used in devices like cameras, glasses, and microscopes to manipulate light for improved vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The angle of incidence is the angle between an approaching light ray and the perpendicular line perpendicular to the surface at the contact point. It determines how light interacts with the surface, influencing reflection and refraction properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-reflective coating is a delicate film applied to optical surfaces to minimize reflections and improve light transmission. It enhances the sharpness and illumination of screens by minimizing unwanted reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Destructive interference occurs when two waves meet in a manner that that their wave heights negate each other, resulting in a diminution or total eradication of the combined wave. This phenomenon generally happens when the waveforms are not in phase by 180 degrees. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | Alternating current refers to an electric current that changes polarity, commonly employed in power supply systems. The electrical potential changes sinusoidally as time progresses, allowing cost-effective transfer over long distances. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A individual inverter is a compact device used to change DC from a individual solar panel into alternating current (AC) suitable for household use. It enhances system efficiency by enhancing power output at the module level and streamlines installation and service. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC electrical energy, or AC power, is electrical energy delivered through a setup where the voltage level and electric current cyclically reverse polarity, enabling optimized transmission over extended ranges. It is commonly used in homes and factories to operate different appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A direct current connector is a category of electrical coupling used to deliver DC power from a power supply to an electronic device. It usually consists of a round plug and receptacle that provide a reliable and dependable link for different electronic purposes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | UL is a worldwide security approval organization that evaluates and approves products to confirm they meet specific protection standards. It helps consumers and companies find dependable and secure products through thorough evaluation and examination processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series circuits are electrical networks in which parts are connected end-to-end, forming a one path for current flow. In this arrangement, the constant electric current passes through all elements, and the sum voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel electrical circuits are electrical circuits where elements are connected across the same voltage source, providing multiple routes for current flow. This setup allows units to operate separately, with the total current distributed among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | A diode serves as a semiconductor device that allows current to pass in one sense only, acting as a single-direction valve for electrical current. It is used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in electrical circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An automobile auxiliary power outlet is a port, typically 12-volt, designed to deliver electrical power for multiple devices and add-ons inside a automobile. It permits users to recharge electronic devices or run small appliances while on the move. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a protocol for connecting peripheral peripherals to PCs, enabling information exchange and electric power. It backs a wide range of hardware such as keyboards, mouses, external drives, and mobile phones, with various versions providing faster speeds and enhanced functionality. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency relates to the percentage of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell turns into electrical energy. Enhancing this efficiency plays a key role in increasing energy production and making solar power economical and eco-friendly. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The NREL is a U.S. DOE national laboratory dedicated to R&D in green energy and energy efficiency technologies. It is committed to advancing innovations in solar power, wind power, biomass energy, and additional renewable sources to promote a sustainable energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The EM spectrum encompasses the entire range of electromagnetic radiation, spanning from radio signals to high-energy photons, each with varied lengths and energies. This range is crucial to numerous technological applications and the natural world, allowing communication, healthcare imaging, and comprehension of the outer space. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | Ultraviolet light is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wave length shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays, primarily emitted by the sun. It plays a crucial role in processes like vitamin D synthesis but can also lead to skin harm and photoaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a category of electromagnetic wave with extended wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Uniform color refers to a color scheme based on variations of a single hue, using diverse shades, tints, and tones to create balance and unity. This design approach emphasizes simplicity and grace by maintaining uniform color elements throughout a layout. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Irradiance refers to the intensity of electromagnetic radiation per unit area incident on a surface, generally measured in watts per square meter. It is a crucial parameter in fields such as solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, showing the intensity of sunlight hitting a given area. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | watts per square meter is a standard unit used to measure the magnitude of energy or power received or emitted over a specific area, frequently in fields like meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It helps in understanding the dispersion and transfer of power across regions, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the span of various hues or wavebands of electromagnetic radiation, visible or otherwise. It is commonly used to describe the distribution of light or signal frequencies in different scientific and technological fields. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An air mass is a big volume of air with comparatively even temp and moisture characteristics, coming from from certain origin areas. These air masses impact climate trends and air states as they move across different zones. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Solar power is the assessment of the intensity per unit area received from the solar source in the type of solar rays. It changes with solar phenomena and Earth's weather systems, impacting weather patterns and weather patterns. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Dirt buildup in solar energy refers to the accumulation of debris, and other particles on the surface of solar arrays, which decreases their output. Consistent upkeep and servicing are necessary to minimize energy loss and ensure best operation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage represents the maximum voltage available from a power source when there is no current, spanning its terminals. It shows the potential difference of a device when it is disconnected from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current refers to the peak electrical current that travels through a circuit when a short connection, or short circuit, takes place, going around the normal load. It creates a considerable safety hazard and can lead to damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (Wp) is a assessment of the maximum power output of a solar module under perfect sunlight conditions. It indicates the module's peak capacity to produce electricity in conventional testing setups . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A electrical potential meter is an measuring tool used to determine the voltage between separate points in a electrical system. It is widely employed in different electrical and electronic fields to ensure proper electrical potential | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a issue in PV modules where increased voltage stress causes a substantial reduction in power generation and performance. It occurs due to leakage current and ion transfer within the photovoltaic materials, leading to performance deterioration over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron serves as a semi-metal element essential for plant development and applied in different industrial applications, like glassmaking and chip manufacturing. It possesses special chemical traits that make it valuable in manufacturing durable, heatproof materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A solar panel mounting system securely supports photovoltaic modules, ensuring ideal tilt and alignment for maximum sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand weather conditions while providing a solid and resilient foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A solar-powered power plant harnesses sunlight using extensive groups of photovoltaic panels to create renewable electricity. It offers an environmentally friendly energy source, cutting down reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the integrated method of utilizing land for both solar energy generation and agriculture, optimizing space and resources. This method enhances crop production while simultaneously creating renewable energy, fostering sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial solar panels are solar energy devices designed to harvest sunlight from both their front and rear surfaces, enhancing overall energy production. They are commonly positioned in a way that enhances performance by taking advantage of albedo reflection and reflected sunlight from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A sun-powered canopy is a installation that provides cover while creating electricity through embedded solar panels. It is commonly installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to merge environmental benefits with practical design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar panel system is a group of numerous solar modules designed to generate electricity from sunlight. It is commonly used in sustainable power systems to produce renewable, renewable power for multiple applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A patio cover is a framework that offers shade and cover from the weather for outdoor living spaces. It improves the functionality and visual charm of a courtyard, making it a pleasant area for relaxation and gatherings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the angle between the perpendicular line directly overhead and the line of sight to a heavenly body. It is employed in astronomy and meteorology to indicate the position of bodies in the sky relative to an spectator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The horizontal bearing is a horizontal angle measured clockwise from a reference direction, usually true north, to the line connecting an surveyor to a point of interest. It is frequently used in routing, surveying, and astronomy to specify the direction of an target relative to the viewer. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as fall hazards and electricity shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to rough climate and potential muscle strains pose significant Occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | Cadmium telluride is a electronic substance extensively utilized in thin-film solar cells due to its excellent performance and affordability. It demonstrates excellent optical characteristics, making it a preferred option for solar applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | An list of photovoltaics companies highlights the major manufacturers and suppliers focused on solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions across the globe. These companies are key in driving solar energy implementation and innovation across different markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a unit of energy output equal to 1,000,000,000 W, used to assess massive energy output and usage. It is typically associated with power plants, power grids, and large-scale power projects worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | First Solar is a worldwide leader in photovoltaic (PV) power solutions, expert in manufacturing thin film-based solar modules that provide excellent efficiency and economical power generation. The company is focused on green renewable energy advancement and reducing the world's reliance on fossil fuels through advanced solar technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology expertise in seamlessly connecting various elements of manufacturing and automation systems to enhance productivity and dependability. It aims on building innovative solutions that enable smooth communication and cooperation among various technological platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic is a prominent China's company specializing in manufacturing and innovating solar-powered solar goods and services. It is known for cutting-edge technology and sustainable energy initiatives in the renewables industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a unit of energy equal to one billion W, often used to describe the ability of massive power production or consumption. It highlights the vast power scale involved in contemporary energy framework and tech. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Learning curve effects refer to the effect where the cost per unit of production reduces as total output increases, due to learning curve and efficiencies obtained over time. This concept highlights the importance of stored knowledge in lowering costs and enhancing efficiency in production and other operations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Photovoltaic systems convert sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductor elements, primarily silicon. This system is a pure, sustainable energy source that helps cut down reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the price of creating solar or wind energy is the same as or lower than the price of purchasing power from the electric grid. Achieving grid parity means that sustainable energy sources are economically competitive with fossil fuel-based fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity acts as the primary electrical power supplied to homes and enterprises through a grid of power lines, offering a reliable source of energy for different appliances. It typically operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, according to the country, and is transmitted through alternating current. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) refers to all elements of a solar power system except the photovoltaic panels, such as inverters, racking, wiring, and supplementary electrical hardware. It is essential for securing the efficient and reliable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | Sunlight is captured from the solar radiation using solar cells to produce electricity or through solar thermal systems to generate heat. It represents a green, sustainable, and planet-friendly source of power that limits the use of fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are widely utilized in domestic, commercial, and factory environments to generate green, renewable electricity from sunlight. They also drive remote and off-grid locations, providing renewable energy solutions where standard power grids are not accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A list of solar energy goods features a variety of devices that capture sunlight to convert energy, supporting eco-friendly and renewable living. These items include covering solar energy units and lights to home equipment and outdoor gear, offering versatile solutions for power needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | An photovoltaic power station is a installation that converts sunlight immediately into electricity using solar modules. It is a sustainable energy source that helps reduce reliance on non-renewable energy and limits greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems integrate solar panels with other energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to provide a reliable and efficient power supply. They maximize energy use by balancing renewable resources and backup options, decreasing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics employ optical lenses or mirrors focusing solar radiation onto highly efficient photovoltaic cells, greatly boosting energy capture using less space. This approach is particularly effective where bright, direct sunlight plus, it offers a promising approach to cut the cost of. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |